Isotretenoin is a naturally-occuring derivative of Vitamin A and is detectable in small quantities in the blood. Adminstration of Accutane results in reduced production of sebum and decrease in the size of sebaceous glands. Accutane is also useful in stabilizing the production of keratin and prevents formation of comedomes. However, the exact pharmacodynamic action of Accutane still remains elusive.

Adverse effects caused due to administration of Accutane resemble symptoms associated with vitamin A toxicity. Some common side effects of this drug include conjunctivitis, dry skin, cracked lips, dry mouth, rhinitis, joint pains, bowel inflammation, nausea, mild nosebleed, increased skin sensitivity to sun, decreased night vision, fatigue, depression, headache, rash, skin infections, thinning hair, urinary discomfort, vomiting, and vision problems. Accutane can also increase the fat levels in the blood. Other uncommon symptoms include severe acne flare, raised blood glucose level, pancreatitis, hepatitis, corneal opacity, papilloederma, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, erectile dysfunction, impotence, skeletal hyperostosis and extraosseous calcification.

Accutane causes severe sensitivity of sun. Hence, one should avoid exposure to direct sunlight while taking Accutane. Increased exposure to the sun causes sun burns and red skin.

Accutane should be strictly avoided by pregnant mothers. It is classified as USFDA Pregnancy Category X and can cause deformities and birth defects in newborn babies. Situations such as miscarriage of pregnancy, premature birth or even death of the fetus can occur if Accutane is administered to pregnant women.

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